Getting to the root of sewer line problems

Q: For the past several years, we’ve had ongoing problems with our old clay sewer main. The line has to be rooted every few months, and the cost to install a new line would be about $15,000. Why is this problem so persistent, and what, if anything, can be done to solve it without spending a fortune?

A: Tree roots typically invade older types of sewer mains, where cracks and loose fittings allow roots to enter. Old clay pipes are susceptible to root intrusion because the mortar that was used to seal the fittings has deteriorated with age and because old clay pipes often have cracks. As roots enter these openings, they grow thicker, causing increased damage to the pipes, enabling further root invasion.

Root growth into sewer pipes may increase during dry weather because seepage from the pipes may be the only available ground moisture. But regardless of wet or dry conditions, roots are attracted to sewer pipes because the effluent contains organic nutrients as well as water, and this provides an enticing meal for hungry trees and shrubs.

Clearing a clogged sewer line with a rooter machine provides a temporary respite at best because rooting merely prunes the root ends that have entered the pipe. Once the plumber's machine is withdrawn, the roots begin to grow again, and six months later the plumber is back. Chemical products can be flushed down the drain to kill these roots, but such products are not nearly as effective as advertised.

The most common long-term solution is to replace the old sewer lines, which is obviously an expensive answer to the problem. A less costly solution, offered by some plumbing companies, is the installation of a special synthetic lining inside the old sewer main. With this method, the cost of excavation is eliminated and the seepage that attracts tree roots is terminated.

Q: I'm preparing to remodel my bathroom and am wondering if I should take out a permit for the work. Basically, I have two questions: If the bathroom changes are not structural, do I need a permit? And when the city inspector comes to inspect the bathroom work, does he have the right to inspect other portions of my property where work may have been done without a permit?

A: If the bathroom remodel involves changes to the plumbing or electrical systems, a permit is definitely required. Alterations do not have to be structural for the building department to have authority over the project.

The building inspector has the right to cite any non-complying conditions that are observed on the property. However, when the permit involves a limited area, most building inspectors are not this far-reaching in their approach. In most cases, they consider only the work that is currently in progress.

But don't take refuge in that assurance. The inspector has the power to be proactive regarding conditions of noncompliance on your property. In other words, don't expect the worst, but be prepared for it.

• Distributed by Action Coast Publishing. Questions to Barry Stone can be emailed to barry@housedetective.com.